Table 2 Effect of ZnO NPs on different crop plants.
Plants | NP Concentration in soil/water | NP size(nm) | Effects | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Macrotyloma uniflorum | 2–100 mg/L | 50 | Delayed germination time | |
Fagopyrum esculentum | 10–2,000 mg/L | <50 nm | Decreased the biomass content | |
Bean | 500 mg/kg | <100 nm | Reduced root growth | |
Soybean | 500 mg/kg | <100 nm | Ceased seed production | |
Glycine max | 2,000 and 4,000 mg/L | 55–70 | Genotoxic | |
Lettuce | 10 mg/kg | 41–48 | Enhanced the photosynthesis and biomass | |
Cyamopsis tetragonoloba | 10 mg/kg | 67 | Increased its biomass, shoot-root length, length, chlorophyll content, and total soluble leaf protein | |
Triticum aestivum | 20 mg/L | <100 nm | Increased grain yield and increase in shoot dry weight. | |
Arachis hypogaea L. | 400 and 1000 mg/L | 25–100 | Improvement in the germination rate and seedling vigor index | |
Tomato and egg plants | 1.0 mg/mL | 38–46 | Boost plant defence and yield | |
Effect of ZnO NPs on Brassica species. | ||||
Brassica nigra | 500 to 1500 mg/L | <100 nm | Reduced seed germination and seedling growth | |
Brassica napus | 10 to 250 mg/L | 155 ± 10 | Chlorosis at high concentration | |
Brassica juncea | 10–30 μg/ml | 11 nm | Increased germination and chlorophyll biosynthesis rate along with low ROS production at 20 μg/ml. | (Present Study) |
At 30 μg/ml germination rate, chlorophyll biosynthesis decreases and ROS production increases. | ||||
