Table 1 Detection of S. pneumoniae carriers according to sampling site and methodology used.

From: Re-evaluation of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in Portuguese elderly by qPCR increases carriage estimates and unveils an expanded pool of serotypes

Collection

Participants

n

Sampling Site n (%)

Carriers n (%)

Oropharynx (OP)

Nasopharynx (NP)

Culture positive

qPCR positive

Culture and/or qPCR positive

p-value

Culture positive

qPCR positive

Culture and/or qPCR positive

p-value

Culture positive (NP and/or OP)

qPCR positive (NP and/or OP)

Total

p-value

Nursing home

299

2

(0.7%)

31

(10.4%)

31

(10.4%)

<0.001

16

(5.4%)

16

(5.4%)

16

(5.4%)

NA

17

(5.7%)

38

(12.7%)

38

(12.7%)

<0.001

Family home

300

1

(0.3%)

15

(5.0%)

15

(5.0%)

<0.001

13

(4.3%)

14

(4.7%)

14

(4.7%)

1.0

13

(4.3%)

24

(8.0%)

24

(8.0%)

0.003

  1. p-values determined using McNemar’s Chi-squared test for paired individuals.
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