Figure 1

Map of the study area (made with QGIS Development Team, 2019. QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation. http://qgis.org). Polygons in orange represent the MPAs in the region (CONANP, Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas (2019). Retrieved from https://datos.gob.mx/busca/organization/conanp). The Mexican Caribbean Biosphere Reserve was decreed in 2016, after this project period of analysis, therefore is represented with a blue dotted line. ◉ represent the monitoring sites.