Table 1 Patient demographics and stone characteristics.
Values | ||
|---|---|---|
Gender: | ||
Female | 17 | (53%) |
Male | 15 | (47%) |
Age, years | 76 | (32–93) |
Body-mass index, kg/m2 | 18.5 | (12.7–31.6) |
Antiplatelets/anticoagulant drugs | 6 | (19%) |
Parenteral nutrition (enteral/intravenous) | 10 | (31%) |
Tracheostomy tube | 5 | (16%) |
Limb contracture with position limit | 14 | (44%) |
The major underlying disorders | ||
Stroke | 16 | (50%) |
Neurological disease | 5 | (16%) |
Advanced medical disease | 7 | (22%) |
Senile deterioration | 4 | (13%) |
The reason of surgical intervention | ||
Obstructive pyelonephritis | 27 | (84%) |
Exacerbation of renal function | 1 | (3%) |
Gross hematuria/Back pain | 4 | (13%) |
Number of stones | ||
1 | 13 | (41%) |
≧2 | 19 | (59%) |
Staghorn calculi | 7 | (22%) |
Stone position of targeted stone | ||
Renal | 15 | (47%) |
Ureter | 7 | (22%) |
Both of renal and ureter | 10 | (31%) |
Laterality of targeted stone | ||
Left | 15 | (47%) |
Right | 14 | (44%) |
Bilateral | 3 | (9%) |
Highest CT-attenuation value, Hounsfield unit | 869 | (155–1708) |
Index stone diameter, mm | 16 | (5–78) |
Cumulative stone diameter, mm | 24 | (5–122) |
Stone composition | ||
Calcium oxalate | 7 | (22%) |
Struvite | 12 | (38%) |
Uric acid | 1 | (3%) |
Calcium phosphate | 8 | (25%) |
not analyzed | 4 | (13%) |
Positive preoperative bladder urine culture | 28 | (88%) |
Preoperative drainage tube | ||
Ureteral stent alone | 14 | (44%) |
Nephrostomy alone | 7 | (22%) |
Both of stent and nephrostomy | 3 | (9%) |
None | 8 | (25%) |
Frequencies of endoscopic lithotripsy | ||
1 | 24 | (75%) |
2 | 4 | (13%) |
3 | 3 | (9%) |
4 | 1 | (3%) |
Operative time, minutes | 108 | (25–228) |
Duration of drainage tube placement, days | ||
Initial placement - surgery | 28 | (8–728) |
The latest exchange - surgery | 27 | (4–112) |
Postoperative hospitalization, days | 11 | (2–27) |
SFR | ||
Complete (=0 mm) | 20 | (63%) |
Less than 4 mm | 26 | (81%) |
Observation period, month | 15 | (0–93) |
