Table 1 Physicochemical properties of the multi-sulfonated ligand coated AuNP (L-AuNP) and mono-sulfonated ligand coated AuNP (MUS-AuNP).

From: Multi-sulfonated ligands on gold nanoparticles as virucidal antiviral for Dengue virus

Compounda

Chain length [CH2]x

No. of sulfonates per ligand molecule

Head group

Core sizeb,c [nm]

Hydrodynamic diameter by number [nm]d (PDI)

Zeta potential [mV]

MUS-AuNP

11

1

—

4.3 ± 1.3*

18.9 ± 3.4 (0.364)

−38 ± 5.3*

L1-AuNP n = 5

11

3

pyridine

4.0 ± 1.8; N = 295

8.7 ± 1 (0.30275)

−37.2 ± 9

L2-AuNP n = 4

11

8

glucose

4.1 ± 3.3; N = 788

76.5 ± 6.1 (0.1922)

−39.6 ± 3.2

L4-AuNP n = 3

2

8

glucose

4.2 ± 2.1; N = 502

46.5 ± 19.4 (0.3994)

−17.6 ± 1.2

L5-AuNP n = 2

11

12

lactose

n.d.

81.3 ± 28.2 (0.2876)

−42.2 ± 2.6

L6-AuNP n = 2

11

12

maltose

4.7 ± 1.7; N = 698

25.4 ± 7.4 (0.229)

−41.9 ± 6

  1. an: number of independent experiments. bdetermined by TEM; average ± std dev.; cN: number of analysed particles; ddetermined by DLS by particle number average ± std dev (n = 3–5) (PDI = polydispersity index). *Data from Verma et al.36.
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