Figure 5 | Scientific Reports

Figure 5

From: A unique hybrid characteristic having both pro- and anti-inflammatory phenotype transformed by repetitive low-dose lipopolysaccharide in C8-B4 microglia

Figure 5

Distinct gene expression induced by low-dose and high-dose LPS characterized by Ccl1, Il1rn, Fpr2, and Trem2 expression in microglia. C8-B4 microglia were treated with low- or high-dose LPS (1 or 100 ng/mL) one or three times (n = 3, in triplicate), and relative mRNA expression at 4 h after the last LPS treatment was measured by real-time RT-PCR using the 2−∆∆Ct method. Data were normalized to GAPDH and expressed as the relative fold change over untreated cells. (a) pro-inflammatory molecules, (b) anti-inflammatory molecules, and (c) neuroprotective genes. Mean ± SE of each group are shown. Data are representative of three independent experiments. LPS x0, no treatment; LPS x1, single treatment with low-dose LPS; LPS x3, treatment with low-dose LPS three times every 24 h. *p < 0.05 for one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc correction for multiple comparisons. n.s., not significant.

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