Figure 6

Model of a unique hybrid characteristic having both pro- and anti-inflammatory phenotype transformed by repetitive low-dose lipopolysaccharide in C8-B4 microglia. REPELL-microglia is characterized by high phagocytic activity and mixed expression of pro-inflammatory molecules (NOS2, IL-12B, CCL1, and CD86), anti-inflammatory molecules (IL-10, Arg1, IL-13RA2, and Mrc1), and neuroprotective molecules (NTF5, CCL7, and GIPR). Gene expression patterns of REPELL-microglia are distinct from that of microglia transformed by repetitive high-dose LPS, indicating the diverse transformation of microglia by different LPS concentrations.