Figure 5
VNS reduces the expression of several inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the kidney. (a) CCL2 expression (CCL2: 11.0 ± 1.53 and 5.70 ± 0.96-fold change compared with vehicle-sham for Cis-sham and Cis-VNS, respectively; n = 6–9; P = 0.0026). (b) IL-12b expression (IL-12b: 13.6 ± 1.34 and 9.0 ± 1.66-fold change compared with vehicle-sham for Cis-sham and Cis-VNS, respectively; n = 6–9; P = 0.0226). (c) G-CSF expression (G-CSF: 46.0 ± 7.96 and 21.4 ± 5.86-fold change compared with vehicle-sham for Cis-sham and Cis-VNS, respectively; n = 6–9; P = 0.0089). (d) CCL11 expression (CCL11: 13.6 ± 1.34 and 9.0 ± 1.66-fold change compared with vehicle-sham for Cis-sham and Cis-VNS, respectively; n = 6–9; P = 0.0226). (e) BAX expression (BAX: 7.7 ± 0.43 and 5.2 ± 0.79-fold change compared with vehicle-sham for Cis-sham and Cis-VNS, respectively; n = 6–9; P = 0.0022). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (two-way analysis of variance followed by the Sidak post-hoc test). VNS, vagus nerve stimulation; Cis, cisplatin; SEM, standard error of the mean.
