Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics.
From: Validating a functional near-infrared spectroscopy diagnostic paradigm for Major Depressive Disorder
|  | MDD (n = 105) | HC (n = 105) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 36.2 ± 13 | 36.4 ± 13 | 0.915 |
Gender | Â | Â | 0.574 |
Male | 45 (42.9%) | 40 (38.1%) | Â |
Female | 60 (57.1%) | 65 (61.9%) | Â |
Ethnicity | Â | Â | 0.052 |
Chinese | 86 (81.9%) | 80 (76.2%) | Â |
Malay | 10 (9.5%) | 5 (4.8%) | Â |
Indian | 7 (6.7%) | 8 (7.6%) | Â |
Eurasian | 0 | 3 (2.9%) | Â |
Others | 2 (1.9%) | 9 (8.6%) | Â |
Handedness †|  |  | 0.235 |
Right | 66 (88%) | 89 (90.8%) | Â |
Left | 8 (10.7%) | 5 (5.1%) | Â |
Ambidextrous | 1 (1.3%) | 4 (4.1%) | Â |
Education (years) | 14.8 ± 2.7 | 16.5 ± 1.9 | ≤0.001 |
Number of words generated | 16.6 ± 6.6 | 20.2 ± 5.7 | ≤0.001 |
HAM-D | 14.7 ± 7.6 | 2.4 ± 2.3 | ≤0.001 |
GAF | 68.9 ± 12.5 | 93.4 ± 7.9 | ≤0.001 |
Family psychiatric history †| 27 (26.5%) | 17 (18.3%) | 0.230 |
Age at onset (years) | 30.8 ± 11.4 | — |  |
Duration of illness (years) | 5.3 ± 6.5 | — |  |
Past admission to psychiatric ward | 32 (30.5%) | — |  |
Pharmacotherapy | 68 (64.8%) | — |  |
Fluoxetine equivalent dose (mg/day) | 28.9 ± 17.6 | — |  |
Diazepam equivalent dose (mg/day) | 6.2 ± 5 | — |  |
Chlorpromazine equivalent dose (mg/day) | 192.9 ± 132.6 | — |  |
