Figure 2
From: Label-free metabolic biomarkers for assessing valve interstitial cell calcific progression
Optical redox ratio and mitochondrial fractal dimension change with osteogenic differentiation of VICs. (a) Redox ratio maps of VIC cultures for days 1–28 under quiescent or osteogenic conditions on compliant or stiff substrates. (b) Average optical redox ratios and (c) Average fractal dimension for days 1 through 28 under quiescent or osteogenic conditions on compliant or stiff substrates. Scale bar = 100 µm. N = 5–6, *p < 0.05.
