Table 7 Top associated targeted metabolites in the cohorts (patients with T1D vs. controls).

From: Liver nucleotide biosynthesis is linked to protection from vascular complications in individuals with long-term type 1 diabetes

 

Control

T1D (NP + RP)

NP

RP

Metabolite

Mean (sd)

Mean (sd)

p value (pa/pb)

Mean (sd)

p value (pa/pb)

Mean (sd)

p value (pa/pb)

Picolinic acid (nmol/L)2

35.4 (12.1)

53.2 (20.7)

 < 0.0001/ < 0.001

57.0 (19.7)

 < 0.0001/ < 0.001

49.7 (21.2)

1.2e−03/0.05

3-Hydroxyisobutyrate (μmol/L)1

17.0 (3.6)

21.4 (6.1)

 < 0.001/ < 0.001

22.0 (6.0)

3.8e−04/0.01

20.8 (6.2)

7.9e−03/0.02

β-Hydroxybutyrate (μmol/L)1

60.0 (51.3)

212.6 (224.3)

 < 0.0001/ < 0.001

202.3 (255.0)

3.1e−04/0.03

222.2 (196.2)

 < 0.0001/ < 0.001

Nicotinamide (nmol/L)2

261.0 (92.1)

211.2 (61.2)

8.0e−03/ns

207.7 (50.0)

0.02/ns

214.4 (71.0)

0.04/ns

N1-methylnicotinamide (nmol/L)2

151.7 (76.3)

119.6 (71.2)

0.03/ns

108.5 (63.5)

8.2e−03/ns

129.9 (77.4)

ns/ns

Serine (μmol/L)1

114.0 (17.0)

120.6 (28.0)

ns/0.02

128.0 (26.7)

0.02/0.04

113.7 (27.7)

ns/ns

Valine (μmol/L)1

242.4 (32.6)

256.9 (42.8)

ns/2.0e−03

262.2 (46.6)

ns/0.04

252.0 (39.1)

ns/0.02

Leucine (μmol/L)1

118.3 (19.0)

125.0 (23.2)

ns/8.6e−03

126.3 (23.5)

ns/0.03

123.7 (23.3)

ns/ns

Methionine (μmol/L)1

27.7 (2.9)

28.7 (5.2)

ns/0.05

30.2 (5.6)

ns/0.01

27.3 (4.5)

ns/ns

Tot. homocysteine (μmol/L)1

11.2 (2.1)

10.9 (3.2)

ns/0.03

10.5 (2.2)

ns/ns

11.2 (3.9)

ns/0.02

Quinolinic acid (nmol/L)2

375.2 (90.2)

375.5 (156.2)

ns/0.01

350.3 (124.8)

ns/ns

398.8 (179.6)

ns/1.1e−03

Methylmalonic acid (μmol/L)1

1.2 (0.04)

1.2 (0.05)

ns/ns

1.2 (0.06)

ns/ns

1.2 (0.05)

ns/8.7e−03

Histidine (μmol/L)1

73.6 (7.0)

76.6 (7.5)

ns/ns

75.0 (7.5)

ns/ns

72.2 (6.3)

0.02/ns

Glycine (μmol/L)1

287.5 (80.7)

294.1 (55.2)

ns/ns

314.1 (58.3)

0.02/ns

275.6 (45.8)

ns/ns

Phenylalanine (μmol/L)1

62.9 (8.0)

61.2 (7.7)

ns/ns

63.6 (7.1)

ns/0.03

58.9 (7.6)

ns/ns

Kynurenine (μmol/L)1

2.5 (0.3)

2.5 (0.4)

ns/ns

2.5 (0.3)

ns/ns

2.5 (0.4)

ns/7.0e−03

3-Hydroxykynurenine (nmol/L)2

42.4 (11.8)

48.8 (18.9)

ns/ns

46.0 (13.4)

ns/ns

51.3 (22.9)

ns/0.04

  1. Data were winsorized before analyses, and statistical tests performed on log2-transformed data.
  2. ns non-significant (p > 0.05), NP non-progressors, RP rapid progressors. ncontrol = 27, nNP = 25, nRP = 27.
  3. Linear regression models: Pa (adjusted for sex, age), Pb (adjusted for sex, age, HbA1c).
  4. 1Bevital GC–MS/MS, 2Bevital LC–MS/MS.
Back to article page