Figure 8 | Scientific Reports

Figure 8

From: Early modulation of macrophage ROS-PPARγ-NF-κB signalling by sonodynamic therapy attenuates neointimal hyperplasia in rabbits

Figure 8

ALA-SDT stimulates ROS production and regulates PPARγ-NF-κB signalling in THP-1-derived macrophages. The cells were pre-treated with NAC for 1 h and loaded with DCFH-DA for 30 min, followed by ALA-SDT treatment. Immediately after treatment, the fluorescence of DCF was detected by fluorescence microscopy and a microplate reader (A) (n = 7). Scale bar = 200 μm. (B) Western blot analysis of the nuclear protein level of PPARγ. (C) Western blot analysis of the p-p65 level. (D) Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. (E) Western blot analysis of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β expression. (F) ELISA analysis of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in supernatants (n = 5). NAC, N-acetyl-l-cysteine.*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 versus control. #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 and ###p < 0.001 versus SDT.

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