Figure 5
From: Mosquito proboscis-inspired needle insertion to reduce tissue deformation and organ displacement
The distribution of tissue displacement at t = 2.0, 2.2, and 2.4 s (scale: cannula diameter of 1.27 mm): (a) NCD insertion: the direct insertion motion induced the largest displacement of surrounding tissue and force during the insertion, (b) NCI insertion: the opposite motions of needle and cannula stabilized and reduced the displacement of surrounding tissue, and (c) MPI insertion: notches at the MPI needle tip provided the anchoring to further reduce the overall tissue displacement during insertion. (d) The average overall displacement in Region A (UA) and the needle insertion force during NCD, NCI, and MPI insertions over the entire 2.4 s duration. The solid line and the shaded region represent the average value and one standard deviation from the three insertions for each motion, respectively. (Ave. = Average, Std. = Standard deviation).
