Figure 1

The maps of the study area and sampling sites; (A) geographic position of Khorassan-Kopet Dagh floristic province (KK) in northeastern Iran and southern Turkmenistan. (B) locations of the mountain systems in KK where samplings were carried out; (C) sampling sites: Stars (Dianthus polylepis subsp. polylepis sites): S1. Bezd, S2. Kardeh Dam, S3. Kuhsorkh, S4. Khowr, S5. Khomari Pass, S6. Balghur. Squares (D. polylepis subsp. binaludensis sites): S7. Zoshk, S8. Moghan, S9. Dahane Jaji, S10. Dizbad, S11. Baharkish. Circles (Dianthus pseudocrinitus sites): S12. Rein, S13. Misino, S14. Biu Pass, S15. Rakhtian. Prepared using ArcGIS 10.3 software (www.esri.com).