Table 5 The growth inhibition zones of bacteria in agar well diffusion assay in various concentrations of CoNPs, Z. clinopodioides, and Co(NO₃)₂.

33.6 ± 1.14^ab

36.2 ± 0.83^a

38.4 ± 0.54^a

38.2 ± 0.44^a

39 ± 1^a

40.2 ± 1.3^a

31.4 ± 0.89^ab

31.2 ± 0.44^ab

31.4 ± 0.89^ab

31 ± 1^ab

34.6 ± 0.89^ab

33.8 ± 0.44^ab

24.2 ± 1.3^b

26.2 ± 0.83^b

26.2 ± 1.3^b

27.4 ± 0.89^b

25.6 ± 1.14^b

29.4 ± 0.54^b

20.6 ± 0.89^bc

22.4 ± 1.34^bc

21.4 ± 1.34^bc

24.4 ± 0.89^b

22.6 ± 0.89^bc

27.4 ± 0.89^b

13.4 ± 1.34^c

15.6 ± 0.89^bc

17.2 ± 1.3^bc

18 ± 1.22^bc

18.4 ± 0.54^bc

21.2 ± 1.3^bc

8.2 ± 0.44^c

10.4 ± 0.54^c

12 ± 0^c

14.2 ± 0.44^c

13.2 ± 1.3^c

15.4 ± 0.89^bc

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

8.4 ± 1.34^c

9.8 ± 0.44^c

10.4 ± 0.54^c

12.2 ± 0.83^c

24.8 ± 0.44^b

25.4 ± 0.89^b

27 ± 1^b

28.8 ± 0.44^b

28.4 ± 0.89^b

30.8 ± 1.09^ab

19.6 ± 1.14^bc

21.2 ± 1.3^bc

23.8 ± 0.44^b

24 ± 0.7^b

22.8 ± 0.44^bc

27.2 ± 0.44^b

13.2 ± 0.83^c

19 ± 1.22^bc

20.8 ± 1.09^bc

19.2 ± 0.83^bc

20.4 ± 0.54^bc

22.4 ± 1.34^bc

11.8 ± 1.09^c

13 ± 1^c

15.8 ± 1.09^bc

14 ± 1.22^c

17 ± 1^bc

16 ± 1.22^bc

8.2 ± 0.83^c

9.2 ± 1.3^c

10.4 ± 1.34^c

12 ± 0.7^c

13.6 ± 1.14^c

15.4 ± 1.34^bc

0 ± 0^d

8.2 ± 0.44^c

10.6 ± 1.14^c

9.6 ± 0.89^c

10 ± 0.7^c

12 ± 1.22^c

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

10 ± 0^c

14.4 ± 0.54^c

16.4 ± 0.89^bc

18 ± 0.7^bc

17 ± 1.22^bc

18 ± 0.7^bc

20.6 ± 0.89^bc

10.2 ± 1.3^c

11.6 ± 1.14^c

13 ± 0.7^c

13 ± 0^c

14.8 ± 0.44^c

17.8 ± 0.44^bc

8.6 ± 0.89^c

9.2 ± 0.83^c

11.2 ± 1.3^c

12.4 ± 1.34^c

12.4 ± 0.54^c

13.2 ± 1.3^c

0 ± 0^d

8 ± 0^c

10 ± 0^c

10.4 ± 0.89^c

11 ± 0.7^c

11 ± 0.7^c

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

8.4 ± 0.54^c

9.8 ± 0.44^c

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d

0 ± 0^d