Figure 1
From: Near-infrared-emitting nanoparticles activate collagen synthesis via TGFβ signaling
(a) Schematic illustration of the synthesis of Ag2S and Li-doped Ag2S NPs by using ultrasonic irradiation. (b) TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway activation by NIR exposure. TGF-β1 activation after irradiation with NIR causes then binding of TGF-β1 to its receptors such as tβRpI and tβRpII. This binding in turn induces the activation of the transcription factors Smad2 and Smad3, which combine with Smad4 to enter the nucleus and regulate target gene expression (type I procollagen), thereby increasing the induction of the expression of Col-1 a1 mRNA via the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.
