Table 5 Univariate and multivariable Cox-regression analysis for predictors of long-term mortality.

From: Incidence, determinants and prognostic relevance of dyspnea at admission in patients with Takotsubo syndrome: results from the international multicenter GEIST registry

Variable

Univariate

Multivariable

HR (95% CI)

p

HR (95% CI)

p

Age (per 10 year)

1.75 (1.47–2.01)

 < 0.001

1.57 (1.28–1.91)

 < 0.001

Male

2.61 (1.69–4)

 < 0.001

1.89 (1.13–3.18)

0.015

Dyspnea

2.19 (1.58–3.02)

 < 0.001

2.02 (1.37–2.98)

 < 0.001

Physical trigger

1.35 (0.97–1.89)

0.078

NS

NS

History of cancer

2.65 (1.82–3.89)

 < 0.001

2.91 (1.8–4.72)

 < 0.001

Diabetes

1.68 (1.12–2.42)

0.005

NS

NS

Pulmonary disease

2.53 (1.62–3.41)

 < 0.001

1.67 (1.1–2.51)

0.014

EF (per 10% decrease)

1.68 (1.4–2)

 < 0.001

1.77 (1.43–2.2)

 < 0.001

Atrial fibrillation

2.26 (1.51–3.39)

 < 0.001

NS

NS

Apical ballooning

1.9 (1.11–3.24)

0.018

NS

NS

Cardiogenic shock

4.65 (3.22–6.72)

 < 0.001

4.1 (2.64–6.39)

 < 0.001

  1. Bold values are statistically significant.
  2. HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, EF left ventricular ejection fraction, NS non-significant.
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