Figure 1

Double-immunofluorescence staining for IgA and Gd-IgA1. Double-immunofluorescence staining of frozen sections of biopsies from pediatric patients with glomerular diseases. First column, IgA staining; second column, Gd-IgA1 monoclonal antibody (KM55) staining; third column, merged images. All images ×200. Case numbers refer to cases listed in Supplementary Table 1. In patients with IgAN (cases 2 and 4) and LN class I (case 25), glomerular Gd-IgA1 deposition was detected, localized in the mesangial region with IgA. In patients with LN class V (case 32), MPGN type III (case 36), and MN stage II (case 38), both Gd-IgA1 and IgA findings were positive along the capillary wall. A patient with MPGN type III (case 37) showed only IgA-positive findings. In two patients with idiopathic NS (cases 44 and 45), Gd-IgA1 findings were negative, but IgA was clearly localized in the global mesangial area. Both Gd-IgA and IgA findings were negative in a patient with idiopathic NS (case 46). IgAN IgA nephropathy, LN lupus nephritis, MPGN membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, MN membranous nephropathy, NS nephrotic syndrome.