Table 4 Reasons for failed laparoscopic clearance of CBD.

From: Retrospective comparative analysis of choledochoscopic bile duct exploration versus ERCP for bile duct stones

 

Number [percentage]

Unable to cannulate cystic duct

9 [23]

Abnormal taper of CBD

5 [13]

Failed basket retrieval of stone

3 [7.7]

Impacted stone at ampulla

3 [7.7]

Avulsed cystic duct

1 [2.6]

Not attempted

4 [10]

Bleeding

2 [5]

Equipment not available

3 [7.7]