Figure 2 | Scientific Reports

Figure 2

From: Causal association between mTOR-dependent EIF-4E and EIF-4A circulating protein levels and type 2 diabetes: a Mendelian randomization study

Figure 2

Flow diagram of the selection of SNPs genetic variants as instrumental variables related to exposure harmonized with the dataset for diabetes outcome. We employed a two-sample MR, using summary statistics from two GWAS genetic datasets. For exposure, we used Proteomics-GWAS study39. For the health effect outcome, we leveraged the publically available DIAbetes Genetics Replication And Meta-analysis (DIAGRAM) case (n = 26,676), and control (n = 132,532) study (mean age 57.4 years). We applied the genetic predictors of mTOR downstream targets, namely RP-S6K, EIF4E-BP2, EIF-4E, EIF-4A, and EIF-4G, to DIAGRAM genotyped case–control study to determine the causal association between mTOR-targets and diabetes mellitus. Mendelian Randomization (MR-Base) R package was used in the analysis.

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