Figure 2
From: Vitamin C–squalene bioconjugate promotes epidermal thickening and collagen production in human skin
Topical treatment of human skin explants (donor 1) for 10 days with three formulations containing 3 wt% Vit C, increased epidermis thickness and collagen type III labeling in dermis. (A) In fixed and stained (Masson trichrome) whole skin sections, epidermis (pink) and dermis (blue) layers were observed before (T0) and after the treatment period. The control explant was kept untreated for 10 days. (B) Fixed skin sections labeled with goat anti-human collagen III antibody and revealed by DAB are shown. Pictures were realized with a tri CCD DXC 390P camera (Sony) and stored with Leica IM1000 software, version 1.10 (www.leica-microsystems.com). (C) The epidermis thickness and (D) dermis thickness were measured in each explant (n = 7 to 9 images; mean of 3 measures per image). (E) The intensity of collagen III immuno-staining signal in dermis was measured as the percentage of analyzed surface (n = 9 images; mean of 3 measures per image). One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-test (***p < 0.001, *p < 0.05) was used to compare treatments. Graphs were done with GraphPad Prism version 5.0.0 for Windows (GraphPad Software, San Diego, California USA, www.graphpad.com). Scale bar = 100 µm (panel A), and 200 μm (panel B).
