Figure 3

Correlations between concentration of coarse-grained phytoclasts (Cp), concentration of fine-grained phytoclasts (Fp), and global sea-level data. (a) Global (eustatic) sea-level records21. (b) Concentration of coarse-grained phytoclasts (Cp; n/g): lath shaped (length:width ratio at least 3.0), larger than 80 µm. (c) Concentration of xerophytic herb pollen Artemisia30,31. (d) Concentration of fine-grained phytoclasts (Fp; n/g): smaller than 80 µm. (e) Cross-correlations among Cp, Fp, and sea level during the period ca. 2 Ma. Cp and Fp are both negatively correlated with sea level with no lag time. (f) Correlation coefficients of Cp and Fp each compared to sea level, which clearly increased at ca. 750 ka. The gray bars represent low sea-level periods characterized by high Cp, Fp, and Artemisia concentrations. Dashed vertical black lines denote the timing of increases in the amplitude of the sea-level curve and Cp, Artemisia, and Fp values. This diagram is created using Grapher-12 software (https://www.goldensoftware.com).