Table 2 Chest CT findings, laboratory results and severity of illness scores of COVID-19 patients on admission.

From: High aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio on admission as risk factor for poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients

 

All patients (n = 567)

AST/ALT < 1.38 (n = 367)

AST/ALT ≥ 1.38 (n = 200)

P Value

Chest CT, numbers (percentages)

Lesions occupy < 30% lung

309/554 (55.8)

211/360 (58.6)

98/194 (50.5)

0.067

Lesions occupy 30%-60% lung

115/554 (20.8)

75/360 (20.8)

40/194 (20.6)

0.953

Lesions occupy > 60% lung

130/554 (23.5)

74/360 (20.5)

56/194 (28.9)

0.028*

Laboratory findings

White blood cell count, × 109/L

4.9 (3.7–6.5)

5 (3.9–6.5)

4.6 (3.4–6.4)

0.024*

Neutrophil count, × 109/L

3.2 (2.2–4.7)

3.4 (2.3–4.8)

3.1 (2–4.6)

0.123

Lymphocyte count, × 109/L

1 (0.7–1.4)

1.1 (0.7–1.4)

0.9 (0.6–1.2)

0.004*

Hemoglobin, g/L

128 (119.8–140)

129 (121–141)

127 (114–138)

0.001*

Platelet count, × 109/L

178 (134–225)

186 (146–239)

159 (118–201)

 < 0.001*

Total bilirubin, μmol/L

8.5 (6.4–11.9)

8.8 (6.6–11.9)

8.1 (5.5–11.7)

0.068

Blood urea nitrogen, mmol/L

4.1 (3.2–5.4)

4 (3.3–5.2)

4.2 (3.2–5.9)

0.302

Creatinine, μmol/L

64.4 (51.8–78.1)

63.8 (50.8–77.2)

65.5 (53.6–79.6)

0.088

Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L

188 (150.3–251.8)

182 (148–236.3)

203 (158.8–290.3)

0.002*

Creatinine kinase, U/L

77 (48–139)

74.7 (49–126)

85.6 (46.8–169)

0.128

Creatine kinase–MB, U/L§

8 (6–12)

7 (6–11)

9 (6–12.9)

0.008*

C-reactive protein, mg/dL

1.6 (0.4–4.4)

1.4 (0.3–3.7)

2.5 (0.5–6.4)

0.002*

Procalcitonin, ng/mL†

0.05 (0.04–0.09)

0.05 (0.04–0.08)

0.06 (0.04–0.135)

0.004*

IL-6 pg/mL‡

4.7 (2.3–17.9)

4 (2.3–13.3)

7 (2.3–27.3)

0.246

D-dimer, μg/mL

0.5 (0.3–1.1)

0.5 (0.2–1)

0.6 (0.3–1.2)

0.111

Fibronectin g/L

3 (2.5–3.5)

2.9 (2.5–3.5)

3 (2.6–3.5)

0.068

Lactate, mmol/L

1.2 (0.8–1.9)

1.2 (0.8–1.8)

1.2 (0.8–1.9)

0.697

PaO2/FiO2, mm Hg

363 (243–520)

400 (270–520)

326.5 (202–480.5)

 < 0.001*

Severity of illness scores

APACHE II

3 (1–5)

2 (1–4)

4 (2–8)

 < 0.001*

SOFA

1 (0–3)

1 (0–2)

2 (0–3)

 < 0.001*

CURB65, mean ± SD

0.56 ± 0.81

0.45 ± 0.7

0.76 ± 0.94

 < 0.001*

  1. Values are medians (interquartile ranges) unless stated otherwise.
  2. *A two-tailed P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
  3. Missing data for over 5% of patients are indicated:
  4. Data on LDH and creatine kinase were missing for 47 patients (8.3%), including 33 patients with AST/ALT < 1.38 (9%) and 14 patients with AST/ALT ≥ 1.38 (7%).
  5. §Data on creatine kinase-MB were missing for 42 patients (7.4%), including 31 patients with AST/ALT < 1.38 (8.4%) and 11 patients with AST/ALT ≥ 1.38 (5.5%).
  6. †Data on procalcitonin were missing for 45 patients (7.9%), including 30 patients with AST/ALT < 1.38 (8.2%) and 15 patients with AST/ALT ≥ 1.38 (7.5%).
  7. ‡Data on creatine IL-6 were missing for 413 patients (72.8%), including 268 patients with AST/ALT < 1.38 (73%) and 145 patients with AST/ALT ≥ 1.38 (72.5%).
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