Figure 1

Tsai-type cluster consisting of concentric polyhedral shells in Au–Al–Yb QC and AC. The Tsai-type cluster possesses five concentric polyhedral shells: moving from outside to center, a rhombic triacontahedron (containing 60 atoms), an icosidodecahedron (30 atoms), an icosahedron with 12 Yb atoms, a dodecahedron (20 atoms) and a tetrahedron (4 atoms)14,15. The Yb atoms (denoted by light-blue balls in the 3rd shell) are located on the vertices of the icosahedron. Each Yb atom has an IV state between non-magnetic \(\text{Yb}^{2+}\) and magnetic \(\text{Yb}^{3+}\). Pink balls indicate Au/Al mixed sites. In the Au–Ga–Yb system, for example, Al is assumed to be replaced by Ga.