Table 3 Relationships between 2-year myopia incidence and other variables.

Residency area

Sub-urban

6619

88.02%

901

11.98%

1 (Reference)

Urban

1519

84.62%

276

15.38%

1.34 (1.14, 1.56)

p < 0.001

Age (years)

6

2775

89.46%

327

10.54%

1 (Reference)

7

3931

86.51%

613

13.49%

1.32 (1.14, 1.54)

p < 0.001

8

1432

85.80%

237

14.20%

1.40 (1.16, 1.70)

p < 0.001

Gender

Male

4345

88.40%

570

11.60%

1 (Reference)

Female

3791

86.20%

607

13.80%

1.22 (1.07, 1.39)

p = 0.003

Parental myopia

0

3815

91.03%

376

8.97%

1 (Reference)

1

2688

86.63%

415

13.37%

1.57 (1.34, 1.83)

p < 0.001

2

1213

78.16%

339

21.84%

2.84 (2.38, 3.37)

p < 0.001

Parent education

Lower than undergrad

5231

88.92%

652

11.08%

1 (Reference)

Undergrad

2500

84.80%

448

15.20%

1.44 (1.25, 1.65)

p < 0.001

Postgrad

289

82.81%

60

17.19%

1.67 (1.21, 2.30)

p = 0.002

Usual wake-up time

Before 6:30 a.m.

3570

88.41%

468

11.59%

1 (Reference)

6:30 to 6:59 a.m.

2909

86.73%

445

13.27%

1.17 (1.01, 1.35)

p = 0.03

7 a.m. and after

1656

86.25%

264

13.75%

1.22 (1.03, 1.44)

p = 0.02

Usual bedtime

Before 9 p.m.

737

89.99%

82

10.01%

1 (Reference)

9 to 9:29 p.m.

4712

88.19%

631

11.81%

1.20 (0.94, 1.54)

p = 0.14

9:30 p.m. and after

2684

85.26%

464

14.74%

1.55 (1.21, 2.00)

p = 0.001

Sleep duration (h)

< 9.5

5023

87.02%

749

12.98%

1 (Reference)

≥ 9.5 and < 10

2028

87.64%

286

12.36%

0.95 (0.82, 1.10)

p = 0.46

≥ 10

1080

88.38%

142

11.62%

0.88 (0.73, 1.07)

p = 0.20

Reading time weekly total

16.58 ± 7.33

17.10 ± 7.47

1.01 (1.00, 1.02)

p = 0.03

Screen time weekly total

6.77 ± 3.74

6.35 ± 3.74

0.97 (0.95, 0.99)

p = 0.001

Outdoor time weekly total

8.45 ± 4.12

7.89 ± 4.01

0.97 (0.95, 0.98)

p < 0.001