Figure 5

Involvement of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in chondrocyte inflammation (group 2) and ADSC, AM hydrogel and AM-ADSCs downregulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway members: (A) LRP5, (B) LRP6 and (C) β-catenin, mean and SD with n = 3, repeated twice [***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01]. (D,E) Gene expression showing Wnt/β-catenin antagonist DKK1 and FRZB downregulated in group 2 (IL-1β treated chondrocytes) and ADSCs, AM hydrogel and AM-ADSCs group showed upregulation of DKK1 and FRZB genes, with significantly higher expression in the AM-ADSCs group thus inactivate Wnt signaling pathways, mean and SD with n = 3 [****p < 0.0001, ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05].