Figure 2
From: Excess heat production in the redox couple reaction of ferricyanide and ferrocyanide
Pair annihilation of ionic vacancies with opposite charges. (a) Schematic of a vacancy core with negative polarized charge formed in water solution. H, hydrogen atom; O, oxygen atom; \(\delta^{ - }\), partial polarized charge of the water molecule surrounding the free space; \(\ominus\), anion; \(\oplus\), cation. (b) Schematic of a vacancy core with positive polarized charge formed in water solution. H, hydrogen atom; O, oxygen atom; \(\delta^{ + }\), partial polarized charge of the water molecule surrounding the free space; \(\ominus\), anion; \(\oplus\), cation. (c) Microbubble evolution on the electrode in ferrocyanide oxidation under a 8 T magnetic field (modified5). V, overpotentials from the rest potential (V = − 166 mV, + 54 mV, + 122 mV corresponding to the electrode potentials, E = + 264 mV, + 484 mV, + 552 mV vs. NHE, respectively); [K4(Fe(CN)6)], 300 mol·m−3; [K3(Fe(CN)6)], 100 mol·m−3; [KCl], 500 mol·m−3. (d) Pair annihilation of positive and negative vacancies. ne−, transferring electric charges of electrons; Ra, anodic reactant; Rc, cathodic reactant; Aa, anodic activated complex; Ac, cathodic activated complex; + ev, positive embryo vacancy; −ev, negative embryo vacancy; \({\Delta }U\), stored solvation energy; \(\gamma_{col} Q_{ann}\), molar excess heat.
