Figure 4

(a) The experimental system. TNS was carried out on unanesthetized rats utilizing an implantable electrical stimulator and wireless power delivery system. TNS and CMG were simultaneously performed in a metabolic cage. (b) Size comparison of the implantable electrical stimulator. The implantable electrical stimulator was designed as a small-scale implant (3.7 mm l × 2.3 mm w; max. height of coil: 3.0 mm) to which a 2 mm custom-fabricated platinum nerve cuff electrode was attached. (c) Device placement. The implantable electrical stimulator was placed near the gastrocnemius muscle, and the nerve cuff electrode was placed precisely on the tibial nerve as one of the three branches of the Sciatic nerve. (d) X-ray images used to identify the implantable stimulator.