Figure 4

Ocular topical application of nanoemulsion (eNano-Ro5) reduces PVR severity using a new rabbit model of PVR. (a) Unimodal distribution of drop size within the nanoemulsion. (b) Time-course characterization of drop radius. Stability of the nanodrop size in the formulated emulsion 17 days after production is shown. (c) Release profile of small molecule Ro5-3335 from eNano-Ro5. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM for n = 3. (d) Distribution of Ro5-3335 in rabbit cornea, aqueous humor and vitreous after 28 days of treatment with eNano-Ro5 3 times a day. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM, n = 3. (e) Detection of Ro5-3335 in normal rabbit ocular tissues. Comparison between non-extracted and extracted samples at a concentration of 50 μg/mL. (f) Quantification of PVR severity within both study groups adhering to PVR Score grading system. A reduction in PVR Score was found in the group treated with eNano-Ro5 (n = 16) compared to vehicle (n = 17) (*p < 0.05, two-tailed Mann–Whitney test). The line is denoting the median of each studied group. (g) Representative imaging results in both groups. In the vehicle-treated group, multiple cell clumps and deposits can be identified after cell injection (arrowheads). These findings are also observed by OCT (arrows). Increased cell density was observed after 2 weeks of treatment with vehicle. A reduction in cellular density and progression was observed after 2 weeks of treatment with eNano-Ro5 by fundus imaging (arrowheads) and OCT (arrows). Green line depicts OCT scan area, dotted lines represent a detailed area of posterior pole images.