Figure 2

RPH exhibit morphological features such as mitophagy, ferroptosis, and necrosis. RPH were treated with FeCl₃ (0 or 100 μM) for 8 h or 16 h. Ultrastructure of these hepatocytes was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. (A) Representative images depicting the autophagy/mitophagy phenotype in RPH treated with FeCl₃ (right panel) for 8 h but not control RPH (left panel). The bar in the image indicates 500 nm. (B) Representative image of FeCl₃-treated RPH depicting the increase in electric density of cytoplasm and mitochondria (left panel), and higher magnification of the dotted line square (right panel). The bar in the image indicates 1 μm. (C) Expression level of Ptgs2 and Chac1 genes was examined by RT-qPCR analysis. The expression level of these genes in control RPH was set at 1. ***P < 0.001. (D,E) Representative images of the necrotic features of RPH treated with FeCl₃ (right panel) for 8 h (D) or 16 h (E) but not control RPH (left panel) are presented. The bar in the image is indicates 1 μm.