Table 2 Effects of the HI and yields of the summer maize under different treatment conditions.

From: The effects of straw mulching combined with nitrogen applications on the root distributions and nitrogen utilization efficiency of summer maize

Years

Treatments

Cob Length/cm

Cob Diameter/cm

100-grain mass/g

Yield/(kg·hm−2)

Harvest index

2017

CK

20.47 ± 1.02 cd

4.95 ± 0.25a

29.69 ± 1.43ab

7384.96 ± 369.25a

0.37 ± 0.019abc

BN0

15.66 ± 0.78e

3.91 ± 0.20c

23.43 ± 1.08d

4548.95 ± 227.45c

0.32 ± 0.016c

BN1

17.67 ± 0.88de

4.26 ± 0.21bc

25.70 ± 1.26bcd

5245.97 ± 262.30bc

0.33 ± 0.017bc

BN2

20.13 ± 1.00 cd

4.92 ± 0.25ab

28.59 ± 1.32bc

7248.33 ± 362.42a

0.36 ± 0.018abc

BN3

20.61 ± 1.03bc

5.05 ± 0.25a

28.60 ± 1.43ab

7315.27 ± 365.76a

0.38 ± 0.019ab

SN0

16.01 ± 0.80e

4.12 ± 0.20c

24.78 ± 1.17 cd

4879.98 ± 244.00c

0.33 ± 0.017bc

SN1

19.86 ± 0.99 cd

5.02 ± 0.25a

27.35 ± 1.30bc

5836.52 ± 291.83b

0.35 ± 0.018abc

SN2

23.62 ± 1.18a

5.43 ± 0.27a

31.38 ± 1.56a

8103.08 ± 405.15a

0.40 ± 0.020a

SN3

23.42 ± 1.17ab

5.38 ± 0.27a

30.37 ± 1.57a

7633.30 ± 381.66a

0.38 ± 0.019ab

2018

CK

22.40 ± 1.12ab

5.17 ± 0.29bc

30.12 ± 1.51ab

7599.60 ± 379.98a

0.38 ± 0.019abc

BN0

17.50 ± 0.88c

4.78 ± 0.24d

21.53 ± 1.08d

5351.70 ± 267.59b

0.32 ± 0.016d

BN1

18.80 ± 0.94c

5.08 ± 0.25c

26.52 ± 1.33bc

5828.85 ± 291.44b

0.36 ± 0.018bcd

BN2

21.43 ± 1.13ab

5.23 ± 0.26bc

28.86 ± 1.44ab

7525.35 ± 376.27a

0.39 ± 0.019b

BN3

22.90 ± 1.15a

5.37 ± 0.27b

30.11 ± 1.51ab

7730.55 ± 386.53a

0.40 ± 0.020abc

SN0

17.23 ± 0.94c

4.93 ± 0.25 cd

24.65 ± 1.23 cd

5422.20 ± 271.11b

0.34 ± 0.017 cd

SN1

19.63 ± 0.98bc

5.12 ± 0.26c

28.19 ± 1.41bc

6143.70 ± 307.19b

0.38 ± 0.019abc

SN2

24.10 ± 1.21a

5.54 ± 0.28a

32.78 ± 1.64a

8268.45 ± 413.42a

0.43 ± 0.022a

SN3

23.90 ± 1.20a

5.49 ± 0.27a

32.89 ± 1.64a

8035.05 ± 401.75a

0.42 ± 0.020ab

F value of ANOVA analysis

Straw Mulching

17.2**

5.4**

20.4**

8.0**

5.4**

Nitrogen Applications

52.3**

16.0**

60.4**

147.4**

22.3**

Straw Mulching × Nitrogen Applications

2.8*

3.3*

10.9**

11.3**

4.2*

  1. The * represents significant (P < 0.05), and ** represents extremely significant (P < 0.01).
  2. The values in the same column and same year followed by different letters indicate significant differences were observed, P < 0.05.
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