Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: Comparison of two fluorescent probes in preclinical non-invasive imaging and image-guided debridement surgery of Staphylococcal biofilm implant infections

Figure 1

Imaging of staphylococcal biofilms with vancomycin- and 1D9-based fluorescent probes. Biofilms of S. aureus Xen36, S. epidermidis ATCC 38984, or a mixture of both Staphylococcus species were grown on cover slides for confocal microscopy. The established biofilms were simultaneously incubated with the Vanco-BODIPY and 1D9-Alexa555 probes. Subsequently, images were recorded by confocal fluorescence microscopy, revealing binding of the vancomycin probe to all biofilms and the 1D9-Alexa555 probe to S. aureus biofilms only. Of note, we attribute the “patchy” fluorescence pattern of the S. aureus cells in the mixed biofilm, as detected with the 1D9-Alexa555 probe, to the fact that S. epidermidis secretes serine proteases that can inhibit biofilm formation by S. aureus41. The magnification is indicated by scale bars.

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