Figure 4

The combination of MSU-42011 and carboplatin/paclitaxel changes the immune microenvironment in tumor-bearing lungs. A/J mice with established lung tumors were treated with control diet, rexinoids in diet (100 mg/kg diet), 6 total doses of carboplatin (C—50 mg/kg) and paclitaxel (P—15 m/kg), given every other week, or the combination for 12 weeks. Flow cytometry (A and B) and immunohistochemistry (C) were used to detect immune populations in the lung. (A) Levels of macrophages (CD45⁺, CD11b⁺, Gr1-, CD64⁺, ia-ie⁺) and alveolar macrophages (CD45⁺, CD11b⁺, CD11c⁺, Gr1-, CD64⁺, ia-ie⁺) in the lung and mean florescence for CD206 (M2 macrophage marker) in alveolar macrophages. (B) Expression of CD8 cytotoxic T cells, the T cell activation markers CD69 and CD25, and the degranulation marker CD107a in the lung. The mean florescence for early (CD69) and late (CD25) activated cytotoxic CD8 T cells are also shown. (C) Immunohistochemistry for F4/80 (pan macrophage marker), CD206 M2 macrophages, CD107a degranulation, and CD8 T cells in the lung. Scale bar represents 60 μM.