Table 2 MSU-42011 decreases the number and size of lung tumors when used to treat established lung tumors in A/J mice.

	Control	Bexarotene	MSU-42011	C/P	Bex + C/P	42011 + C/P
Tumor #, size, and burden
# of slides	28	30	30	24	28	24
Average # tumors/slide (% control)	4.25 ± 0.4 (100%)	3.37 ± 0.3 (79%)	2.7 ± 0.3*^$ (64%)	1.75 ± 0.3*^ɸ (41%)	1.89 ± 0.3*^ɸ (45%)	1.42 ± 0.2*^ɸ (33%)
Average tumor size, mm³ (% control)	0.22 ± 0.02 (100%)	0.22 ± 0.04 (100%)	0.16 ± 0.02*^ɸ (73%)	0.08 ± 0.02*^ɸ† (36%)	0.05 ± 0.01*^ɸ† (22%)	0.05 ± 0.01*^ɸ† (24%)
Average tumor burden, mm³ (% control)	0.93 ± 0.09 (100%)	0.72 ± 0.2^# (78%)	0.43 ± 0.08* (62%)	0.14 ± 0.04*^ɸ† (15%)	0.09 ± 0.02*^ɸ† (10%)	0.07 ± 0.02*^ɸ† (8%)
Tumor histopathology
# Low grade tumors (% total)	2 (2%)	1 (1%)	7 (9%)*	1 (2%)	0	1 (3%)
# Medium grade (% total)	25 (21%)	29 (29%)	24 (29%)	21 (50%)^!	28 (53%)^!ɸ	20 (59%)^!†
# High grade tumors (% total)	92 (77%)	71 (70%)	50 (62%)*	20 (48%)^!	25 (47%)^!ɸ	13 (38%)^!†

Female A/J mice were injected with 2 doses of vinyl carbamate (0.32 mg/injection), 1 week apart, to initiate lung carcinogenesis. After 8 weeks, mice were fed either control AIN-93G diet or rexinoids in the same diet (100 mg/kg diet or ~ 25 mg/kg body weight). One week after diets started, mice were injected i.p. every other week for a total of 6 injections with carboplatin (C—50 mg/kg) and paclitaxel (P—15 m/kg). After 12 weeks on diet, lungs were harvested and processed for sectioning and H & E staining. Values shown are mean ± SE. *, p < 0.05 vs. control; ɸ, p < 0.05 vs. bexarotene; †, p < 0.05 vs. MSU-42011; #, p = 0.076 vs. 42011; !, p < 0.001 vs. control; $, p = 0.114 vs bexarotene.

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