Table 3 The accumulation of chitosan-hexaconazole nanoparticles and conventional hexaconazole residues found on the fruits of oil palms.

From: Residual analysis of chitosan-based agronanofungicides as a sustainable alternative in oil palm disease management

Days after treatment

The concentration of chitosan-hexaconazole nanoparticles residue (ng/g)

Reference

CPO sample

CPKO sample

Single dose (4.5 g a.i./palm)

Double dose (9.0 g a.i/palm.)

Single dose (4.5 g a.i./palm)

Double dose (9.0 g a.i./palm)

0 (6 h)

ND

ND

ND

ND

Current work

1

ND

ND

ND

ND

3

ND

ND

ND

ND

7

ND

ND

ND

ND

14

ND

ND

ND

ND

30

ND

ND

ND

ND

60

ND

ND

ND

ND

90

ND

ND

ND

ND

120

ND

ND

ND

ND

The concentration of conventional hexaconazole nanoparticles residue (ng/g)

0 (6 h)

ND

ND

ND

ND

31

1

ND

ND

ND

ND

3

ND

ND

ND

ND

7

ND

ND

ND

ND

14

ND

ND

ND

ND

21

ND

ND

ND

ND

30

ND

ND

ND

ND

70

ND

ND

ND

ND

  1. ND not detected.