Table 3 Demographic characteristics of the UKB1 and UKB2 participants, by cluster.

From: The overlap of genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia and cardiometabolic disease can be used to identify metabolically different groups of individuals

 

UKB1 (N = 2,202)

UKB2 (N = 20,181)

Group

1

2

3

 

P**

1

2

3

 

P**

N

443 (20.1)

1054 (47.9)

622 (28.2)

83 (3.8)

 

5972 (29.6)

9926 (45.7)

3558 (17.6)

1425 (7.1)

 

Male (%)

205 (46.3)

499 (47.3)

300 (48.2)

38 (45.8)

0.788

2837 (47.5)

4459 (48.3)

1745 (49.0)

718 (50.4)

0.323

Baseline

Age (years)

55.6 (7.7)

56.0 (7.4)

55.4 (7.7)

54.6 (7.9)

0.121

55.1 (7.4)

55.1 (7.5)

55.4 (7.5)

55.2 (7.5)

0.172

Weight (kg)

76.0 (14.2)

75.7 (14.2)

76.6 (15.2)

76.9 (14.9)

0.805

76.7 (15.0)

77.0 (14.7)

77.0 (14.6)

77.6 (15)

0.352

Waist (cm)

87 (13)

87 (12)

88 (13)

88 (12)

0.883

88 (13)

88 (13)

88 (13)

89 (13)

0.418

Hip (cm)

102 (8)

101 (8)

102 (8)

102 (8)

0.581

102 (8)

102 (8)

102 (8)

102 (8)

0.681

WHR

0.86 (0.09)

0.86 (0.09)

0.86 (0.09)

0.86 (0.09)

0.974

0.86 (0.09)

0.86 (0.09)

0.86 (0.09)

0.86 (0.09)

0.271

BMI (kg/m2)

26.5 (3.9)

26.3 (3.9)

26.4 (4.0)

26.4 (3.7)

0.492

26.6 (4.4)

26.6 (4.2)

26.6 (4.1)

26.8 (4.2)

0.506

SBP (mmHg)

135 (17)

136 (18)

135 (18)

133 (17)

0.822

135 (17)

136 (18)

136 (18)

136 (18)

0.002

DBP (mmHg)

81 (10)

81 (10)

81 (10)

80 (11)

0.822

81 (10)

82 (10)

82 (10)

82 (10)

0.060

SBP* (mmHg)

138 (20)

138 (19)

138 (20)

134 (17)

0.774

137 (19)

138 (20)

138 (19)

138 (20)

0.016

DBP* (mmHg)

83 (11)

83 (11)

83 (11)

81 (11)

0.550

83 (11)

83 (11)

83 (11)

83 (11)

0.164

T2D

14 (3.2)

18 (1.7)

13 (2.1)

1 (1.2)

0.208

154 (2.6)

192 (2.1)

67 (1.9)

32 (2.3)

0.044

HTN

197 (44.9)

457 (44.2)

285 (46.3)

35 (44.3)

0.931

2491 (43.6)

4097 (46.3)

1534 (44.6)

643 (46.6)

0.005

HTN medication

75 (17.1)

158 (15.1)

91 (14.7)

8 (9.8)

0.395

817 (13.7)

1273 (13.9)

515 (14.5)

215 (15.2)

0.530

Lipid-lowering medication

43 (23.5)

80 (17.8)

45 (17.0)

4 (11.1)

0.174

509 (19.7)

741 (18.3)

292 (18.4)

135 (20.1)

0.344

ISH

4 (0.9)

10 (1.0)

6 (1.0)

1 (1.2)

0.361

81 (1.4)

118 (1.3)

47 (1.3)

13 (0.9)

0.920

Current smoking

29 (10.1)

63 (9.3)

45 (9.3)

7 (8.4)

0.900

375 (9.4)

586 (9.5)

193 (8.03)

80 (5.6)

0.092

Former smoking

185 (41.9)

436 (41.4)

252 (36.4)

32 (38.6)

0.072

2341 (39.3)

3622 (39.3)

1340 (37.8)

587 (41.2)

0.221

Follow-up

Age (years)

61.7 (7.6)

62.0 (7.3)

61.5 (7.6)

60.9 (7.6)

0.069

61.2 (7.4)

63.2 (7.5)

63.4 (7.5)

63.2 (7.5)

0.190

Weight (kg)

75.8 (14.3)

75.3 (14.3)

75.8 (15.4)

77.4 (14.5)

0.770

76.1 (15.2)

76.4 (14.9)

76.3 (14.8)

76.9 (15.1)

0.225

Waist (cm)

86 (12)

86 (12)

86 (12)

88 (11)

0.943

88 (13)

88 (12)

88 (12)

89 (12)

0.474

Hip (cm)

101 (8)

100 (8)

100 (8)

101 (8)

0.402

101 (9)

101 (9)

101 (8)

101 (9)

0.620

WHR

0.85 (0.08)

0.86 (0.08)

0.86 (0.08)

0.87 (0.08)

0.768

0.87 (0.09)

0.87 (0.09)

0.87 (0.09)

0.87 (0.08)

0.797

BMI (kg/m2)

26.6 (4.0)

26.3 (4.0)

26.3 (4.0)

26.8 (3.7)

0.457

26.5 (4.5)

26.6 (4.4)

26.5 (4.2)

26.7 (4.3)

0.511

SBP (mmHg)

137 (17)

138 (18)

137 (18)

134 (16)

0.332

137 (18)

138 (18)

137 (18)

137 (18)

0.385

DBP (mmHg)

79 (10)

79 (10)

78 (10)

78 (9)

0.381

78 (10)

79 (19)

78 (10)

78 (10)

0.171

SBP* (mmHg)

140 (20)

141 (20)

140 (21)

136 (17)

0.428

141 (20)

141 (20)

141 (20)

141 (20)

0.466

DBP* (mmHg)

81 (11)

81 (11)

81 (12)

80 (10)

0.370

81 (11)

81 (11)

81 (11)

81 (11)

0.316

T2D

22 (5.0)

32 (3.0)

23 (3.7)

2 (2.4)

0.186

267 (4.5)

387 (4.2)

149 (4.2)

64 (4.5)

0.682

HTN

225 (51.6)

556 (53.3)

304 (49.4)

36 (43.4)

0.127

3647 (61.6)

5727 (62.6)

2151 (61.0)

889 (62.8)

0.192

HTN medication

95 (21.5)

222 (21.2)

136 (21.9)

13 (15.7)

0.978

1328 (22.3)

2111 (23.0)

805 (22.7)

324 (22.9)

0.649

Lipid-lowering medication

94 (25.2)

192 (21.9)

107 (20.9)

15 (21.2)

0.341

1374 (26.8)

2056 (26.0)

795 (26.1)

332 (27.2)

0.608

ISH

7 (1.6)

24 (2.3)

8 (1.3)

4 (4.9)

0.491

112 (1.9)

152 (1.7)

53 (1.5)

16 (1.1)

0.334

IMTmean (mm)

0.673 (0.114)

0.674 (0.118)

0.670 (0.122)

0.663 (0.140)

0.475

0.680 (0.123)

0.682 (0.126)

0.686 (0.127)

0.686 (0.127)

0.205

IMTmax (mm)

0.884 (0.172)

0.891 (0.183)

0.886 (0.182)

0.880 (0.217)

0.817

0.911 (0.201)

0.914 (0.208)

0.921 (0.212)

0.916 (0.204)

0.242

Current smoking

17 (6.1)

45 (6.7)

40 (8.2)

2 (2.4)

0.456

221 (5.6)

326 (5.4)

108 (4.6)

53 (3.7)

0.183

Former smoking

177 (40.5)

412 (39.7)

247 (35.8)

26 (31.3)

0.179

2231 (37.7)

3439 (37.6)

1279 (36.4)

559 (39.2)

0.346

MHQ

Nmax (% of group)

319 (72.0)

739 (70.1)

462 (74.3)

62 (74.7)

0.289

4285 (71.7)

6636 (66.9)

2549 (71.6)

1008 (70.7)

0.803

bd

3 (0.9)

17 (2.3)

5 (1.1)

3 (4.8)

0.108

55 (1.3)

93 (1.4)

31 (1.2)

17 (1.7)

0.748

mdd

89 (32.4)

178 (28.3)

133 (32.5)

10 (17.9)

0.357

1110 (30.7)

1593 (28.0)

572 (26.6)

237 (28.2)

0.002

  1. Highlighted in bold are the significant (p < 0.05) differences between groups.
  2. Where: *, adjusted to provide estimates of treatment-naïve levels; na, not available; Statistical analyses compared levels or frequencies across groups 1, 2 and 3. Ungrouped (.) were omitted from the analyses). **P for Pearson’s chi square for categorical variables and Kruskal–Wallis for continuous variables.
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