Table 3 Factors associated with higher mortality, complications, and vasospasm.

From: Glycemic indices predict outcomes after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a retrospective single center comparative analysis

Variables

Death

Complication

Vasospasm

No (n = 176)a

Yes (n = 41)a

p-value

No (n = 134)a

Yes (n = 83)a

p-value

No (n = 93)a

Yes (n = 124)a

p-value

Age (years)

55.8 ± 1.0

65.2 ± 2.5

0.0001

56.8 ± 1.2

58.8 ± 1.5

0.3152

60.4 ± 1.6

55.4 ± 1.2

0.0099

Female (%)

116 (65.9)

26 (63.4)

0.8555

87 (64.9)

55 (66.3)

0.8839

62 (66.7)

80 (64.5)

0.7744

White (%)

99 (56.3)

23 (56.1)

> 0.9999

72 (53.7)

50 (60.2)

0.3989

52 (54.8)

71 (57.3)

0.7826

BMI (kg/m2)b

28.4 ± 0.5

25.4 ± 0.7

0.0063

27.9 ± 0.6

27.7 ± 0.7

0.9331

27.1 ± 0.7

28.3 ± 0.6

0.0716

History of diabetes (%)

20 (11.4)

8 (19.1)

0.2007

16 (7.4)

12 (14.5)

0.6778

12 (12.9)

16 (12.9)

> 0.9999

HH scoreb

2.7 ± 0.1

4.0 ± 0.2

< 0.0001

2.6 ± 0.1

3.4 ± 0.1

< 0.0001

3.1 ± 0.1

2.8 ± 0.1

0.2120

Fisher scoreb

3.6 ± 0.1

4.0 ± 0.03

0.0009

3.6 ± 0.1

3.8 ± 0.05

0.1973

3.6 ± 0.1

3.7 ± 0.1

0.3208

ADG (mg/dL)b

138.3 ± 2.8

189.9 ± 13.4

< 0.0001

144.9 ± 5.0

153.1 ± 5.0

0.0418

151.9 ± 5.8

145.2 ± 4.6

0.3049

Admission A1cb,c

5.7 ± 0.1

5.6 ± 0.3

0.4172

5.8 ± 0.1

5.5 ± 0.2

0.0241

5.7 ± 0.2

5.7 ± 0.2

0.8670

> 6.5%

10 (13.9)

3 (21.4)

0.4369

9 (20.5)

4 (9.5)

0.2297

6 (16.2)

7 (14.3)

> 0.9999

Glucose during hospital stay (mg/dL)

MHGb

126.4 ± 1.4

163.9 ± 7.8

< 0.0001

130.0 ± 3.1

139.1 ± 2.2

< 0.0001

136.5 ± 3.7

131.2 ± 2.4

0.2581

Individual standard deviationb

25.8 ± 1.2

34.5 ± 2.8

< 0.0001

25.0 ± 1.1

31.3 ± 2.2

0.0028

28.6 ± 2.0

26.5 ± 1.3

0.4737

MaxGb

221.0 ± 9.2

264.6 ± 16.9

< 0.0001

207.2 ± 6.5

264.9 ± 18.1

< 0.0001

234.7 ± 14.6

225.2 ± 9.3

0.5658

MinGb

79.4 ± 1.3

103.0 ± 8.5

< 0.0001

85.8 ± 2.9

80.7 ± 2.5

0.9996

90.6 ± 3.9

78.8 ± 1.9

0.0135

Insulin use during hospitalization (%)

59 (33.5)

20 (48.8)

0.0739

40 (29.9)

39 (47.0)

0.0136

30 (32.3)

49 (39.2)

0.3188

  1. Boldface values are statistically significant.
  2. aValues reported as mean ± SEM or count (%).
  3. bNon-normally distributed.
  4. cn = 87 patients.
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