Figure 5
From: Neurophysiological markers of ADHD symptoms in typically-developing children
Scatterplots for significant associations between ADHD Index and neuronal markers of inhibition and salience processing, after controlling for effects of age, sex, and general intelligence. For illustration of partial correlations, the y-axis depicts the standardized residuals resulting from linear regression of age, sex, and general intelligence (SPM raw score) on the neural marker of interest (i.e., the signed area amplitude or fractional area latency; see Methods). (a) Higher ADHD Index is descriptively associated with increased latencies of the inhibition-related P3. (b) Higher ADHD Index is significantly associated with higher amplitude of the salience-related P3. (c) Higher ADHD Index is significantly associated with less variability in the amplitude of the inhibition-related P3. (d) Higher ADHD Index is significantly associated with less variability in the amplitude of the salience-related P3. (e) Trend-level support for an association between higher ADHD Index and higher variability in the latency of the salience-related P3. Associations passing the Bonferroni corrected-threshold of p = .0125 (four comparisons) are marked with an asterisk. r., partial Pearson’s correlation coefficient for the partial correlation controlling for effects of age, sex, and SPM raw scores; rho,, partial Spearman’s rank order correlation coefficient for the partial correlation controlling for effects of age, sex, and SPM raw scores (used when data violates significantly the assumption of normality). Std.res., standardized residuals; Var., variance.
