Table 1 Univariance analysis of lumbar lordosis morphology parameters.
From: Lumbar lordosis morphology correlates to pelvic incidence and erector spinae muscularity
Parameters | Very low PI | Low PI | Moderate PI | High PI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(< 30°) | (30°–45°) | (45°–60) | (> 60°) | ||
Case no | 9 | 36 | 32 | 10 | – |
PI (°) | 26.9 ± 1.5 | 38.5 ± 3.5 | 50.2 ± 4.0 | 64.1 ± 3.0 | < 0.001 |
PT (°) | 11.9 ± 6.5 | 12.0 ± 5.7 | 17.7 ± 6.0 | 21.0 ± 8.6 | < 0.001 |
SS (°) | 15.0 ± 7.2 | 26.5 ± 5.5 | 32.6 ± 7.2 | 43.1 ± 8.8 | < 0.001 |
LL (°) | − 19.4 ± 8.1 | − 35.7 ± 10.5 | − 41.2 ± 11.1 | − 57.1 ± 12.6 | < 0.001 |
PLL (°) | 3.4 ± 9.3 | − 8.0 ± 5.4 | − 12.7 ± 7.9 | − 23.3 ± 10.9 | < 0.001 |
DLL (°) | − 22.9 ± 9.5 | − 27.8 ± 8.0* | − 28.5 ± 6.4* | − 33.8 ± 3.4 | 0.015 |
TLK (°) | 8.4 ± 11.0 | 4.6 ± 5.2 | 0.7 ± 6.1 | 3.7 ± 7.4 | 0.031 |
TK (°) | 12.4 ± 8.3 | 25.1 ± 11.4* | 24.1 ± 9.0* | 30.7 ± 13.6 | 0.004 |
ES muscularity | 0.74 ± 0.12 | 0.95 ± 0.26 | 1.07 ± 0.24 | 1.03 ± 0.35 | 0.019 |
MF muscularity | 0.30 ± 0.10 | 0.36 ± 0.15* | 0.33 ± 0.9* | 0.34 ± 0.14 | 0.663 |
LL Apex | |||||
L3 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 6 | < 0.001 |
L3/4 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 4 | |
L4 | 0 | 18 | 15 | 0 | |
L4/5 | 0 | 12 | 2 | 0 | |
L5 | 9 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Inflexion point | |||||
T10 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | < 0.001 |
T11 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | |
T12 | 0 | 3 | 10 | 4 | |
L1 | 0 | 21 | 15 | 3 | |
L2 | 3 | 10 | 2 | 0 | |
L3 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
