Table 1 Distribution of carbapenemase genes in CIM-positive P. aeruginosa isolates collected within the Netherlands between 2015 and 2017.

Carbapenemase PCR	Sampling year			Total	Carbapenemase allele	Sampling year			Total
Carbapenemase PCR	2015	2016	2017	Total	Carbapenemase allele	2015	2016	2017	Total
CIM-positive					bla_VIM-2	19	16	48	83
bla_VIM	31	16	48	95	bla_IMP-13	2	1		3
bla_IMP	3	2	4	9	bla_IMP-1			2	2
bla_NDM		1	2	3	bla_IMP-7	1		1	2
PCR negative	4	8	5	17	bla_IMP-8			1	1
Total	38	27	59	124	bla_IMP-26		1		1
CIM-negative					bla_NDM-1		1	2	3
PCR negative	311	372	414	1097	bla_GES-5	1		2	3
Total	349	399	473	1221	No carba gene found	3	8	3	14
					Total	26	27	59	112

In the left table, the results from CIM tests and multiplex PCRs for all isolates included in the study are shown. From 1221 P. aeruginosa isolates that were included, 124 (10%) were CIM-positive. In 107 CIM-positive isolates, a carbapenemase gene was also detected. All bla_KPC and bla_OXA-48 PCRs were negative, and are therefore not shown. In the right table, NGS results are shown. From the 124 CIM-positive isolates, 112 were sequenced, and the bla_VIM-2 allele was discovered in 83 (74%) isolates.
VIM Verona Integron-encoded Metallo-beta-lactamase, IMP Imipenem Metallo-beta-lactamase, NDM New Delhi Metallo-beta-lactamase, GES Guiana Extended-Spectrum beta-lactamase, Carba carbapenemase.

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