Table 12 Detected toxic metals concentrations (mg/kg) in the evaluated protein sources.
From: Toxic element levels in ingredients and commercial pet foods
Toxic metals | Beef meal | SEM | CGM 21 | SEM | CGM 60 | SEM | Fish meal | SEM | Feather meal | SEM | Soybean meal | SEM | Chicken by-products meal | SEM | P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Al | 221.85a | 5.2660 | 62.0251d | 3.2152 | 95.4710c | 3.9890 | 73.6629d | 3.5039 | 62.8442d | 3.2364 | 148.43b | 4.9737 | 49.1379e | 1.7525 | < 0.0001 |
As | 0.0000a | < 0.0001 | 0.2392a | 0.1997 | 0.0000a | 0.0002 | 0.000a | 0.0002 | 0.000a | 0.0002 | 0.000a | 0.0002 | 0.000a | 0.0001 | 1.000 |
B | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 20.213 | 1.8354 | – | – | – |
Ba | 136.59a | 4.1321 | 0.2957d | 0.2220 | 0.3342d | 0.2360 | 3.7413c | 0.7897 | 4.4303c | 0.8593 | 9.9167b | 1.2856 | 11.8609b | 0.8610 | < 0.0001 |
Cd | 6.0219a | 0.8676 | – | – | – | – | 3.9481ab | 0.8112 | – | – | – | – | 2.6884b | 0.4099 | 0.0027 |
Co | 3.4913a | 0.6606 | 0.0807ab | 0.1159 | 0.0063ab | 0.0325 | 1.8144ab | 0.5499 | 0.3442b | 0.2395 | 1.1074ab | 0.4296 | 1.1094b | 0.2633 | 0.0006 |
Cr | 10.0963a | 1.1234 | 0.7348d | 0.3499 | 1.0127d | 0.4108 | 5.8104ab | 0.9841 | 1.7835cd | 0.5452 | 2.4648bcd | 0.6409 | 3.7841bc | 0.4863 | < 0.0001 |
Fe | 257.08b | 5.6688 | 115.86e | 4.3943 | 136.41d | 4.7682 | 213.07c | 5.9592 | 522.37a | 9.3307 | 191.20c | 5.6451 | 199.02c | 3.5269 | < 0.0001 |
Hg | 6.195a | 0.880 | 1.632b | 5.222 | – | – | – | – | 0.284b | 0.217 | 0.350b | 0.242 | 5.045a | 0.5615 | < 0.0001 |
Ni | 4.1005a | 0.7159 | 0.2195b | 0.1913 | 0.0553ab | 0.0960 | 2.3281ab | 0.6229 | 0.5534b | 0.3037 | 2.0148ab | 0.5795 | 1.4225b | 0.2982 | 0.0001 |
Pb | 44.2657a | 2.3523 | 3.5215f. | 0.7661 | 5.1178ef | 0.9236 | 26.4557b | 2.0998 | 9.6875de | 1.2707 | 14.2407cd | 1.5406 | 19.0577c | 1.0914 | < 0.0001 |
Sb | 0.3732b | 0.216 | 10.76a | 1.6406 | – | – | – | – | 8.72a | 2.0884 | – | – | 0.1691b | 0.1679 | < 0.0001 |
Sn | 22.8075a | 1.6885 | 6.4901d | 1.0400 | 6.5571d | 1.0454 | 15.1641b | 1.5898 | 8.7319cd | 1.2064 | 8.3889cd | 1.1824 | 12.7898bc | 0.8941 | < 0.0001 |
U | 201.68a | 5.0209 | 36.3262e | 2.4606 | 31.9928e | 2.3091 | 126.17b | 4.5856 | 50.154d | 2.8912 | 110.28b | 4.2871 | 94.6199c | 2.4318 | < 0.0001 |
V | 5.1708a | 0.8040 | 0.4283c | 0.2672 | 0.2473c | 0.2030 | 3.5753ab | 0.7719 | 0.7391bc | 0.351 | 1.8167abc | 0.5503 | 2.1038bc | 0.3626 | < 0.0001 |