Table 12 Detected toxic metals concentrations (mg/kg) in the evaluated protein sources.

From: Toxic element levels in ingredients and commercial pet foods

Toxic metals

Beef meal

SEM

CGM 21

SEM

CGM 60

SEM

Fish meal

SEM

Feather meal

SEM

Soybean meal

SEM

Chicken by-products meal

SEM

P

Al

221.85a

5.2660

62.0251d

3.2152

95.4710c

3.9890

73.6629d

3.5039

62.8442d

3.2364

148.43b

4.9737

49.1379e

1.7525

< 0.0001

As

0.0000a

 < 0.0001

0.2392a

0.1997

0.0000a

0.0002

0.000a

0.0002

0.000a

0.0002

0.000a

0.0002

0.000a

0.0001

1.000

B

20.213

1.8354

Ba

136.59a

4.1321

0.2957d

0.2220

0.3342d

0.2360

3.7413c

0.7897

4.4303c

0.8593

9.9167b

1.2856

11.8609b

0.8610

< 0.0001

Cd

6.0219a

0.8676

3.9481ab

0.8112

2.6884b

0.4099

0.0027

Co

3.4913a

0.6606

0.0807ab

0.1159

0.0063ab

0.0325

1.8144ab

0.5499

0.3442b

0.2395

1.1074ab

0.4296

1.1094b

0.2633

0.0006

Cr

10.0963a

1.1234

0.7348d

0.3499

1.0127d

0.4108

5.8104ab

0.9841

1.7835cd

0.5452

2.4648bcd

0.6409

3.7841bc

0.4863

< 0.0001

Fe

257.08b

5.6688

115.86e

4.3943

136.41d

4.7682

213.07c

5.9592

522.37a

9.3307

191.20c

5.6451

199.02c

3.5269

< 0.0001

Hg

6.195a

0.880

1.632b

5.222

0.284b

0.217

0.350b

0.242

5.045a

0.5615

< 0.0001

Ni

4.1005a

0.7159

0.2195b

0.1913

0.0553ab

0.0960

2.3281ab

0.6229

0.5534b

0.3037

2.0148ab

0.5795

1.4225b

0.2982

0.0001

Pb

44.2657a

2.3523

3.5215f.

0.7661

5.1178ef

0.9236

26.4557b

2.0998

9.6875de

1.2707

14.2407cd

1.5406

19.0577c

1.0914

< 0.0001

Sb

0.3732b

0.216

10.76a

1.6406

8.72a

2.0884

0.1691b

0.1679

< 0.0001

Sn

22.8075a

1.6885

6.4901d

1.0400

6.5571d

1.0454

15.1641b

1.5898

8.7319cd

1.2064

8.3889cd

1.1824

12.7898bc

0.8941

< 0.0001

U

201.68a

5.0209

36.3262e

2.4606

31.9928e

2.3091

126.17b

4.5856

50.154d

2.8912

110.28b

4.2871

94.6199c

2.4318

< 0.0001

V

5.1708a

0.8040

0.4283c

0.2672

0.2473c

0.2030

3.5753ab

0.7719

0.7391bc

0.351

1.8167abc

0.5503

2.1038bc

0.3626

< 0.0001

  1. Al aluminum, As arsenic, B boron, Ba barium, Cd cadmium, Co cobalt, Cr chromium, Cu copper, Fe iron, Hg mercury, Ni nickel, Pb lead, Sb antimony, Sn tin, U uranium, V vanadium, Zn zinc, CGM 21 corn gluten meal 21, CGM 60 corn gluten meal 60, SEM standard error mean, P probability of significance.
  2. a,bMeans followed by different letters in the lines differed (P < 0.05).