Figure 1

Mato Grosso lies at the intersection of the Amazon rainforest, the Cerrado tropical savannah, and the Pantanal wetlands (coloured). The frontier state is located in the centre-west of Brazil (see inset) and is subdivided in 141 municipalities (gray lines). Created using the tmap (version 3.3-2) R (version 4.1.1) package^25,26.