Figure 1

Brain tissue sampling time points during a seizure cluster. Prior to euthanasia, all animals were monitored with video-electroencephalography (video-EEG) for ≥ 2 full consecutive cycles of seizure clusters. Onset (red dotted arrows), peak (green dotted lined), and end (blue dotted lines) of each seizure cluster were checked. The interval between the onset and the peak of a seizure cluster and the interval between two adjacent clustered were measured for each animal. Based on that, the animals were divided into four groups according to the different sacrifice time points, marked by red arrows and circled numbers as follows: group 1 (seizure cluster onset), group 2 (seizure cluster peak), group 3 (seizure cluster end), and group 4 (mid seizure-free).