Figure 4
Nuclear translocation of p16 induced by the activation of the TGF-β1-Smad3 pathway in endothelial cells. (a) Representative pictures of western blot analysis of p16 and p21 expression in the nucleus and cytoplasm of endothelial cells induced by the stimulation of the TGF-β1-Smad3 pathway. (b, c) Activation of the TGF-β1-Smad3 pathway can translocate p16 to the nuclei in 30 min (early phase), while it can increase the expression of p21 in endothelial cells in 24 h (late phase) (N = 4). C: control. T: TGF-β1. S: SB431542. CA: constitutive active Smad3. nuc.: nucleus. cyto.: cytoplasm. n.s.: not significant. *P < 0.01. **P < 0.05 (t-test).
