Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants.

From: A structured exercise to relieve musculoskeletal pain caused by face-down posture after retinal surgery: a randomized controlled trial

 

Control group

Exercise group

P-value

Participants, no

31

30

 

Age, years, median (IQR)

62 (51–70)

59.5 (55–66)

.750

Sex, no. (%)

  

1.000

Male

10 (32.3)

9 (30.0)

 

Female

21 (67.7)

21 (70.0)

 

Diabetes mellitus, no. (%)

6 (19.4)

2 (6.7)

.255

Hypertension, no. (%)

11 (35.5)

9 (30.0)

.786

Indication for surgery, no. (%)

  

.786

Macular hole

22 (71.0)

20 (66.7)

 

Retinal detachment

9 (29.0)

10 (33.3)

 

Laterality, no. (%)

  

1.000

Right

16 (51.6)

16 (53.3)

 

Left

15 (48.4)

14 (46.7)

 

Previous experience in retinal surgeries with face-down positioning, no. (%)

3 (9.7)

2 (6.7)

1.000

Combined cataract surgery, no. (%)

20 (64.5)

20 (66.7)

1.000

Filling material, no. (%)

  

1.000

SF6

16 (48.4)

15 (50.0)

 

C3F8

13 (45.2)

12 (40.0)

 

Silicone oil

2 (6.5)

3 (10.0)

 

Anesthesia, no. (%)

  

.707

Local

26 (83.9)

27 (90.0)

 

General

5 (16.1)

3 (10.0)

 

Surgery time, minutes, median (IQR)

53 (45–66)

57 (43–71)

.526

  1. The Mann–Whitney test and Fisher’s exact test were used for continuous and categorical variables, respectively.
  2. IQR, interquartile range; SF6, sulfur hexafluoride; C3F8, octafluoropropane.