Table 1 Results of the age, environment and marathon characteristics across the years analyzed.

From: Influence of advanced shoe technology on the top 100 annual performances in men’s marathon from 2015 to 2019

 

Years

One-way ANOVA

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

p

Effect size (η2)

Age (years)

28.55 ± 4.10

(20–42)

27.97 ± 4.26

(20–43)

27.36 ± 3.65

(21–35)

28.36 ± 4.03

(21–42)

28.03 ± 4.11

(21–38)

0.28

0.01

Environment

Temperature (ºC)

12.28 ± 4.38⍏

(6–25)

13.64 ± 4.38

(8–25)

13.23 ± 3.47

(6–24)

13.66 ± 4.68

(5–22)

14.07 ± 4.34

(5–24)

0.04

0.02

Wind (km/h)

9.65 ± 5.14#⍏

(1–27)

9.63 ± 4.46#⍏

(3–22)

10.41 ± 6.81

(4–32)

12.20 ± 6.61

(4–31)

12.39 ± 6.74

(4–28)

 < .001

0.03

Marathon characteristics

Average altitude (m)

60.80 ± 94.78

(0–466)

74.89 ± 230.03

(0–1590)

41.73 ± 74.61

(0–399)

64.32 ± 92.82

(0–399)

61.92 ± 100.05

(0–399)

0.50

0.00

Ascend (m)

145.60 ± 91.38

(14–349)

146.06 ± 85.30

(14–327)

148.26 ± 90.43

(14–327)

122.65 ± 81.91

(14–349)

130.18 ± 78.79

(1–349)

0.21

0.01

Descend (m)

154.74 ± 95.59

(14–347)

151.49 ± 90.87

(14–328)

153.78 ± 95.77

(14–328)

126.34 ± 89.09

(14–347)

133.15 ± 82.51

(4–347)

0.14

0.02

  1. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation and range (minimum–maximum).
  2. Post hoc analysis: #Different from 2018 (p < 0.05); ⍏Different from 2019 (p < 0.05).
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