Table 1 Participants’ characteristics, cardiometabolic health variables and fitness levels of women pregnant in gestational week 14 (n = 303).

From: Self-reported (IFIS) versus measured physical fitness, and their associations to cardiometabolic risk factors in early pregnancy

 

Valuea

Min–Max

Characteristics

Age (years)

31 ± 4

20–44

Educational attainment (%)

  

Primary school (9 years)

0.7 (2)

 

High school (12 years)

21.4 (65)

 

University degree

78.0 (236)

 

Parity (%)

 0

57.8 (175)

 

 ≥ 1

42.2 (128)

 

Birth country (%)

 Sweden

88.4 (268)

 

 Other country

11.6 (35)

 

Smoking before pregnancyb (%)

2.0 (6)

 

Body composition

Weight (kg)

67.6 ± 11.6

44.7–120.1

Height (m)

1.67 ± 0.06

1.46–1.82

BMI (kg/m2)

24.2 ± 3.8

17.4–41.1

FMI (kg/m2)

7.9 ± 3.2

3.6–22.7

FFMI (kg/m2)

16.3 ± 1.3

12.8–20.0

Cardiometabolic risk variables

Glucosec (mmol/L)

4.8 ± 0.3

3.3–5.8

Insulin (mlE/L)

6.4 ± 3.0

1.7–19.0

HOMA-IRc,d

1.4 ± 0.7

0.4–4.5

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

70 ± 6

54–96

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

108 ± 8

91–140

MAPe

83 ± 7

66–110

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.6 ± 0.7

3.1–6.9

HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

2.0 ± 0.3

1.1–3.0

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.0 ± 0.4

0.4–3.0

Measured physical fitness

6-min walk test (m)

670 ± 55

497–803

Hand-grip strength test (kg)

33.2 ± 5.1

13.8–49.8

Self-reported physical fitnessf

Overall fitnessc

3.6 ± 0.9

1–5

Cardiorespiratory fitness

3.1 ± 1.0

1–5

Muscular strength

3.5 ± 0.8

1–5

Speed-agility

3.3 ± 0.8

1–5

Flexibility

3.4 ± 0.8

1–5

  1. BMI body mass index, CRF cardiorespiratory fitness, FMI fat mass index, FFMI fat-free mass index, HDL high density lipoprotein, HOMA-IR homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, MAP mean arterial blood pressure.
  2. aValues shown are mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables, or % (n) for categorical variables.
  3. bNone of the women reported smoking during pregnancy (gestational week 14).
  4. cn = 302 (one had missing value for fasting blood glucose and one for self-reported overall fitness).
  5. dHOMA-IR was calculated as: (fasting insulin [mlE/L] × fasting glucose [mmol/L])/22.5.
  6. eMAP was calculated as: diastolic blood pressure + [0.333 × (systolic blood pressure − diastolic blood pressure)].
  7. fAssessed through questionnaires using the International FItness Scale (IFIS).
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