Figure 3
The effects of CT-DBS amplitude on behavioral performance across animals. (A) The performance estimate of NHP1 on the visuomotor reaction time task is shown in the upper plot as a smoothly varying black line and thalamic boundaries51 shown on the left. Periods of continuous high-frequency CT-DBS are colored according to the significance of the LOR value (p < 0.05); facilitation in green, suppression in red, and gray for no effect. Stimulation amplitudes (0.75–3.0 mA) are noted above each CT-DBS period and the same anode–cathode configuration was used. The lower plot shows the reaction times of correctly performed trials with the same color code; reaction times are in black for CT-DBS OFF periods. (B) Same as in A, but for NHP2 (partial reproduction of Fig. 2C,D in Baker et. al., 2016). In this session, CT-DBS stimulation amplitudes greater than 1.5 mA significantly suppressed performance whereas amplitudes 1.5 mA and below had either no effect or modestly facilitated performance. The same anode–cathode configuration was used throughout. (C) Same as in A and B, but for NHP3. This animal performed a variation of the vigilance task that required more engagement with the task (see “Methods” section); hence, the great number of trials. (D) Reconstruction of the lead locations for each NHP shown in the sagittal plane, along with the CL, CM and TRN nuclei and the fibers of the DTTm are shown in blue. The anode (+) and cathode (−) field-shaping configurations are shown for each.
