Table 1 Demographic, behavioral, clinical and laboratory characteristics at baseline and follow-up stratified by HIV-serostatus.
Characteristic | HIV-infected (n = 226) | HIV-uninfected (n = 74) | HIV-infected vs. HIV-uninfected | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | Follow-up | p | Baseline | Follow-up | p | Baseline p | Follow-up p | |
Anthropometrics | ||||||||
Age (year) | 48.7 ± 7.0 | 52.7 ± 7.2 | < 0.0001 | 45.8 ± 7.6 | 49.7 ± 7.3 | < 0.0001 | 0.405 | 0.570 |
Male sex (n, %) | 163 (72.1%) | 163 (72.1%) | 1.000 | 47 (63.5%) | 47 (63.5%) | 1.000 | 0.188 | 0.188 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.2 ± 5.1 | 26.7 ± 5.5 | 0.010 | 27.7 ± 5.7 | 27.5 ± 5.5 | 0.711 | 0.056 | 0.068 |
Follow-up time (years) | 4.0 ± 2.2 | 3.8 ± 2.6 | 0.416 | |||||
Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||||||
ASCVD risk (%) | 8.1 ± 7.7 | 10.7 ± 8.0 | < 0.0001 | 6.0 ± 5.0 | 8.5 ± 7.1 | < 0.0001 | 0.814 | 0.708 |
Hypertension (n, %) | 33 (14.6%) | 67 (29.7%) | < 0.001 | 10 (13.5%) | 22 (29.7%) | 0.001 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Diabetes (n, %) | 7 (3.1%) | 18 (8.0%) | 0.003 | 2 (2.7%) | 3 (4.1%) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.306 |
Positive family history (n, %) | 61 (27.0%) | 79 (35.0%) | < 0.0001 | 18 (24.3%) | 24 (32.4%) | 0.041 | 0.761 | 0.778 |
Report of cigarette use (n, %) | 187 (82.7%) | 189 (83.6%) | 0.480 | 61 (82.4%) | 62 (83.8%) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Report of alcohol use (n, %) | 189 (83.6%) | 204 (90.3%) | 0.001 | 66 (89.2%) | 67 (90.5%) | 1.000 | 0.348 | 1.000 |
Report of cocaine use (n, %) | 111 (49.1%) | 124 (54.9%) | < 0.001 | 50 (67.6%) | 50 (67.6%) | 1.000 | 0.007 | 0.059 |
Duration of cocaine use among users (year) | 15.4 ± 9.0 | 16.4 ± 9.0 | < 0.0001 | 12.4 ± 7.8 | 14.7 ± 8.5 | < 0.0001 | 0.423 | 0.488 |
Statin users (n, %) | 25 (11.1%) | 31 (13.7%) | 0.041 | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.000 | < 0.001 | < 0.0001 |
Lipid profiles and laboratory results | ||||||||
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 169.7 ± 39.9 | 170.0 ± 39.40 | 0.916 | 187.2 ± 34.4 | 179.7 ± 36.7 | 0.064 | 0.768 | 0.795 |
LDL-C (mg/dL) | 90.6 ± 35.8 | 88.3 ± 31.1 | 0.213 | 108.6 ± 32.0 | 98.6 ± 33.5 | 0.010 | 0.941 | 0.522 |
HDL-C (mg/dL) | 52.3 ± 18.0 | 54.8 ± 19.9 | 0.010 | 57.9 ± 19.4 | 61.2 ± 25.7 | 0.076 | 0.216 | 0.202 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 131.7 ± 81.8 | 139.6 ± 93.0 | 0.207 | 103.3 ± 57.3 | 106.7 ± 54.6 | 0.826 | 0.092 | 0.854 |
Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 88.5 ± 20.4 | 95.5 ± 45.4 | 0.009 | 93.6 ± 45.4 | 94.8 ± 36.7 | 0.686 | 0.237 | 0.504 |
hsCRP (mg/dL) | 3.1 ± 4.6 | 4.7 ± 9.9 | 0.015 | 3.8 ± 5.5 | 5.5 ± 11.3 | 0.185 | 0.052 | 0.079 |
HIV associated factors | ||||||||
Time since HIV diagnosis (year) | 21.7 ± 8.8 | 25.7 ± 9.3 | < 0.0001 | |||||
Antiretroviral therapy users (n, %) | 200 (91.3%) | 207 (95.8%) | 0.013 | |||||
NRTI users (n, %) | 190 (86.8%) | 197 (91.2%) | 0.013 | |||||
Duration of NRTI use (year) | 5.7 ± 5.3 | 8.3 ± 6.2 | < 0.0001 | |||||
NNRTI users (n, %) | 100 (45.7%) | 110 (50.9%) | 0.004 | |||||
Duration of NNRTI use (year) | 5.1 ± 4.8 | 6.9 ± 5.4 | < 0.0001 | |||||
PI users (n, %) | 158 (72.2%) | 166 (76.9%) | 0.008 | |||||
Duration of PI use (year) | 6.1 ± 7.1 | 8.5 ± 7.7 | < 0.0001 | |||||
Visual characteristics of coronary artery disease | ||||||||
Agatston-score (unit) | 56.4 ± 195.0 | 102.6 ± 279.8 | < 0.0001 | 35.2 ± 82·0 | 64.8 ± 163.2 | 0.013 | 0.088 | 0.114 |
Number of plaques (unit) | 2.1 ± 2.0 | 2.9 ± 2.1 | < 0.0001 | 1.9 ± 1·9 | 2.8 ± 2.0 | < 0.0001 | 0.888 | 0.736 |
Segment Stenosis Score (unit) | 3.1 ± 3.6 | 5.0 ± 5.0 | < 0.0001 | 2.8 ± 3·1 | 4.1 ± 4.0 | < 0.0001 | 0.411 | 0.330 |
