Figure 2

(a) ARPES intensity maps along the \(\overline{\mathrm{M\Gamma K} }\) symmetry lines were taken at the photon energy of hν = 56 eV. The overall band structure of the freshly cleaved n-type surface of the MoS₂ single crystal moved upward from left to right as a function of the He⁺ ion irradiation time at the fixed low ion energy of 100 eV. (b–d) Comparison of Mo 3d, S 2p, and valence-band photoemission spectra taken at the respective photon energies of hν = 300 eV, 222 eV, and 56 eV. (e) Binding energy shifts of the prominent Mo 3d_5/2 and S 2p_3/2 peaks and the VBM. The binding energies of the cleaved MoS₂ surface are 229.50 eV, 162.34 eV, and 0.87 eV, respectively. (f) Comparison of Lorentzian linewidth of Mo 3d and S 2p core-level spectra. (g) The intensity ratio of S 2p to Mo 3d core-level spectra.